Chuck



A. JOHNSON ET AL 1,867,266

CHUCK July 12, 1932.

Filed Jan. 17. 1939 @pjg LL Lg. llluk I .J. 42 red Johnson li'ob e ri HJohnson Inventor Patented July 12, 1932 ALFRED-JOHNSON,UOF-UNIONTOWN;PENNSYLVANJIA, AND ROBERT -I-I'. JOHNSON, 0F MGRGANFEOlIV-NTWEST! VI'RGLINIA, ASSIGNORS; T0 MAKEBAS INC., :03 HAZE-MONT,

\VIfi-STrViRGI-NIAB, AGOYRPOfiATIQN WEST'VIBJGI'NIA GEUCK.

Application file d, January 17, 1930. Serial No."421,{.l 62, I p

This invention relatesto chucks and while" intended for use" generallyas a work holder for anytype of hollow articles is pr marily M designedfor-holdmg glassware such as tumg; blers gobl'ets and the like, duringthe cutting or grinding of ornamental configurations on the surfacethereof.

one ofthe objects ofthe invention consists in the provision of a chuckhaving a plural to ity of work-engaging grippers which are independentlyand automatically adjusted to grip the ware with a predeterminedpressure. Another object of the invention resides in the provision otachuck :havingtwo or more 15"sets-- ofi axially spacedi grippers whichare independently adjustable to provide a predetermined grip uponfthewareirrespectiveof the general taper or configuration oft-he walls ..ofthe ware. I p A further object-of the invention consists in providingachuck which is caused to auto matical ly 'gri p or release the ware as:pres sure is applied to the latter'during the rotationofthechuck; I@ther obj ects and adyanta-gesrof the-inven tion will be apparent fromthe followingdescription when taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawing in which Figure]: is aside elevational VlQW of the chuck with atumblershowninpositionithereon in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view throughthe device. p Figure 3is a detailielevational vicwiof the 33 spindle showing :a' portionofthecam-groove. Figure l isan end View of the chuck; and Figure 5' is asectional detail taken-on line 55 of'Figu-re 2; Referring to the drawingin greater detail the numeral-1 indicates a shaft ona grinding orcuttingmachine for producing-ornamental configurations on the surface ofglassware.- Such machines usually employ a plurality of" csuchshafts'and in the present invention each shaft is" provided with a chuckorwork'holder which isindicated generally by the numeral 2. 'The chuckincludes a body portion 3" which is rigidly connected to a sleeve 4.through the inner wa-llof whichextends a most point 'of the camgroove'6.

"pi-n5. This pin :5 has its "inner'end seated in leased from the groove9 andis extended to 7 its outermost position in a manner-to behereinafter described it is *rel'easabl'y locked against rotationm itsoutermost position by means of a groove 11 formed at the outer A shaft1'2 is rigidly connected to the outer end of shaft 1 and extends-axiallyof the hol-' low bodyportion 3 ofthe chuck. The outer portion oftheshaft 12 i's-hollow asindicated tion 3. In this connection it to benoted that the body 3 is provided at'its outer end by numeral 13 and itsouter'end slidablyrewith acap 15 which is securedto thebodyby meansofscrews- 16. This'cap is provided with a central opening in -whiich isfixed-the outerend of the extension member 14.

For the purpose of projecting the chuck intov its forwardposition acompression spring l'l is provided. This spring is received' within thehollow portion. 13 of shaft 12'and has one end seated at the base ofthis hollow portion and its other end engages a ball 18 which rests uponthe base of the 6X tension portionlt of the shaft. It will be apparent,therefore," that thisspring serves to resiliently hold the body portion3 of the chuck in its extended position with the pin 5 seated in thegroove llofthe cam track 6. Obviously,by'applying an inward pressure onthe body portion 3the pin 5 willride out ofthe groove 11 and intraveling around 7 the cam track 6 will impart a rotary move ment to thechuck body 3 until such time as p the pin engages the stop 10. 'Pressurethen being released from the chuck body, the

spring 17 will throw the chuck; outwardly and cause the pin 5 toseat'i'n'thegroove 9 and thus lock the chuck against rotative movementrelative to the boss 7.

As already mentioned, this chuck is intended as a work holder forglassware or other hollow work and to this end the chuck is providedwith a plurality of radially extending grippers. In the present embodiment of the invention two series of grippers. are disclosed, one seriescomprlslng three grippers being located adjacent the forward end of thechuck body and the other series comprising three grippers locatedadjacent the rear end of the chuck body. The "number of grippers in eachseries as Well as the number of series may, as desired. V V

' These grippers comprise a er member 19 having aslightly beveled innerend 20. Mounted within each sleeve 19 is a hollow tube 21 provided withan outer flanged cap member 22 in which is seated a rubber disk or thelike 23 adapted to engage the inner wall of the glassware or other pieceof hollow work; These plungers together with their tubes-and-cushiondisk 23 are normally held in retracted or inner position by means of acoil spring 24, which has its inner end bearing on the base of thehollow sleeve or plunger 19 and its outer end bearing against the head25 of a pin 26. This pin is driven more or less tangentially through thebody members '29 and 30 are provided on the shaft 12. Also, the bodymember 3 is provided with a flange 31 on which is seated an annularmember 32 of rubber, feltor the like and against which the inner end ofthe hollow ware 33, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1, isadaptedto seat. work against the member 32 will cause the chuck to rideabout the cam track 6 and into the groove 9 as heretofore described, andin so doing the wedge members 29 and 30 will project the grippersoutwardly in a manner to be described. v

The wedge members29 and 30 are of annular construction and are slidablymounted on the shaft 12; each wedge member being properly positionedforcooperation with one of the two sets of grippers. The inner wedge member30 is projected forwardly by means of a coil. spring 34 which has itsouter end bearing against the wedge member and its inner end bearingagainst the boss 7. The outward movementof the wedge member 39 ofcourse, be varied sleeve or plung-' The pressure of the.

eesvgaee is limited by a shoulder 35 on the shaft 12. Likewise the outerwedge member 29 is normally pressed outwardly by means of a coil spring-36surrounding the shaft 12 and having its inner end in engagement witha snap ring 37. The outer end of this spring 36 engages the base of thewedge member 29 and the out-er limit of movement of the wedge member isfixed by a snap ring'38secured to the shaft. Movement of the wedgemembers 29 and 30 is facilitated byball bearings 39 as indicated inFigure 2.

As is well understood by those skilled in the art, the taper in drinkingglasses varies considerably. Also, the general shapes of glassware, suchas goblets and the like, vary between wide limits, and it-is the purposeof this invention to provide a more or less universal chuck which willbe capable of firmly gripping these various shapes of, glassware withoutliability of breakage,irrespective of whether the glassware is of theheavy pressed type or the light and fragile shell ware, such as fancygoblets and the like, To this end the present construction is intendedto pro. vide not only an independent action between the several grippersof each series, but also to provide what maybe termed a differentialaction between the grippers of each series. This result is obtainedbyreason of the springs 24 which force the plungers inwardly and theseparate springs 34: and 36 which force the wedge members 29 and 30outward- ,ly. For instance, if a drinking glass of a diameter adjacentits bottom small enough to engage the outer series of grippers when' -intheirinnermost position is placed on the chuck and the chuck forcedinwardly, then as the chuck begins its inner movement the predeterminedpressure desired for gripping the glass-will be placed on the springs24,

and after this pressure is reached sufficient friction will be causedbetween the beveled end'20 of'each gripper and the beveled sur-v facesof the wedge 29 to cause the latter to? be carried inwardly against thepressure of spring 39 the strength of this spring being such as topermit this inner movement'of the wedge member when I the desiredgripping action is producedon the ware. Also. in connection with thewedge memberv 30, after the predetermined gripping action is'c'reated inv the grippers by riding up on the wedge member 30 the latter will. becarried inwardly against the pressure of spring 34 bv reason of thefriction between the inner ends of the grippers and the tapered surfacesof the of each series of grippers is entirely independent and provides adifferential action suclras will permit the gripping of various shapesand'sizes of glassware with a prede- 1 script-ion Of-tlieidetaidsaof:the: constructiom.

itziszbelieved desirable toibniefly'deseribe the? general operationoftheacormplete device. As. wiiikber understoodrbytthosefamiliar. with;the.

operation oibgnindiargidevicesrwith. which the presentiuventionriszconcemied; the-shaft L 1' is; continuously. rotating,Jamilikewise the chuck. Q'zCazrried thereby. fhr describiisrgthe. o-peratiomofthe. deuiicevitwill heass-uniedarthat the chuck is in itsoutermost position as shownfin Figure iia-rid-isxlockdlagainst relativemove ment'withirespecttostheibessfi by reason of the pin 5 being held inthe locking groove 11 of cam track 6 by the pressure of the spring 17.The operator now places a drinking glass, such as a tumbler or goblet,over the chuck body 3 until the mouth thereof engages the annular member32and then presses the ware inwardly carrying with it the body member 3of the chuck. As pressure is applied to the friction member 32 on theflange 31 of the body member it tends to slow down the movement of thechuck with respect to the shaft 1, and at the same time move the pin 5out of its locking groove 11. This action will cause the pin 5 to rideup the cam track 6 until it engages the stop 10, at which time theoperator'releases pressure on the piece of work and the spring 17 willforce the chuck body outwardly so as to cause the pin 5 to seat in itslocking groove 9, thus again locking the chuck against relative rotarymovement with respect to the shaft 1.

In this inward movement of the chuck body the several grippers are, ofcourse, also carried inwardly and in this movement are caused to ride upthe surfaces of the wedge members 29 and 30, which thereby projects thegrippers outwardly against the pressure of their respective springs 24.This outward radial movement of the grippers continues until such timeas each setof grippers exerts a predetermined pressure on the inner wallof the piece of work. When thls pressure is reached the grippers of theparticular series of its locking groove 9. The rotation of the will bepressing upon the particular wedge member with such force as to causethe wedge member to be carried inwardly against the pressure of itsspring. It is this differential action of the two series of wedgemembers which will allow the most delicate piece of ware to be properlygripped for the purpose of grinding the desired design thereon withoutliability of breakage due to excess pressure.

After the grinding or cutting operation on the particular piece of wareis completed the operator merely presses inwardly on the ware slightlyso as to cause suflicient compression on the spring 17 to project thepin 5 out shaft then-carries the pin in the samecircumferentialzdirection through the cam track6: until the pin agai-nreachesits locking seat 11,

at whiclr time thechuck'body 31 has been carrrejdoutwarday to. itsorlginalpositlon"and I the springs 24 have forced the grippers inwardlyto: the positions shown in Figure 2, at which positionsthe piece of workis released andmay be removed. The chuck is nowiready for the receptionof another I piece ofavarmgaziclthe operation just described is' againrepeated:

'Fronrthe. foregoing description taken in corinectionzwith theaccompanying drawing it willi:be.observed" that we have devised achuck::forxglasswarc and the like of falrly simple construction; that itis so designed as to'. be automatically operable through the in Istrumentality ofthe work being placed upon 'orsat-aken off. of the chuckthat it is automaticallylOCliQCla through. the rotative movement'of theshaft: in either its inner or outer position that. the grippers areautomaticaloperated. throughthexmovement-s of the chuck body: and thatthe: grippers are: provided= with a; differential.- action:whichpermits" the chuck to be employed with articles of.

varying shapes and: sizes and of relatively fragile construction withoutliab llty of-damage; a

halve described'whatwe ncivbelicve to be the preferred form ofthefinvention, but inasmuch-as it is obvious that variouswchanges, maybe-made in the detaalsaolf the construction without in any way departingfrom the essenti-alifeatures: of. the inventiomi't, 1's desired; thatall such. changes be included: witbtionslidably mounted; on said shaft,a plu- L1LQCCOIZdZEI1QQ'hVlti1E the patent statutes we ralityof'radiai-ly-movable grippers mounted: in the body portion, means formoving saiitl. grippers to operative position: as the body. portion. ismoved. inwardly, and means for automatically locking the body portioinits inner position.

.2; A chuck including awshaft, abody por-- tion: slida'bly. and"rotatab'ly mounted on said.

Shaina-plurality of; radially movable grip. pers mounted in the bodyportion, means for moving? the grippers cooperative position as the bodyportion is moved inwardly, means for. locking said body portion in its.inner position,;and means forautomatically rotat ing; the; body portioninto. engagement with said; locking: means. Y

. 3. A chuck inclndinga shaft, a. body por-. tion-slidablyand rotatablyrnounted onv said shaft, a-{ plurality of grippers mounted in the bodyportiommeans formovingithe grippersto operative or'inoperative positionin accordance wit-lithe axial movement of said groove for locking thebody portion, a cam groove for rotating the body portion as it is movedinwardly or outwardly onsaid shaft, a pin riding in said p groove,and'a'notch formedin a wall of saidfl body portion in its innerposition. v r

4:. A chuck including ashaft, a body portion slidably and rotatablymounted on said shaft, a plurality of grippers mounted in the. bodyportion, means for moving. the grippers to operative ior inoperativeposition inaccordance with the axial movement of 'said body portion, acam groove for rotating thebody portion asit is moved inwardly or out-'wardly on said shaft, a pinriding in said groove, and notches formed ina wall of said groove for locking the body portion inits inner positionand'for preventing relative rotation between the shaft and body portionwedge member against its spring after a predetermined pressure isapplied to the gripbody portion slidably mounted on the shaft,

two series of radially movable grippers on said body portion, saidseries being spaced.

longitudinally, springs normally biasing said grippers inwardly,slidably mounted-wedge members on said shaft incooperative relation tothe inner ends of said grippers, and springs normally holding said bodyportion and said wedge members'attheir outer limits of movement. v V

"ALFRED JOHNSON. ROBERT H. JOHNSON.

when the body portion in its outer position. r 5. A chuck including ashaft, a bodypor means for causing each of said series of grip pers toengage the work with a predetermined pressurewhen the body portion ismoved inwardly.

7. A chuck including a shaft, a hollow body portion slidably mounted onthe shaft, spring-pressed grippers mounted in said body portion, a wedgemember slidably mounted on said shaft in cooperative relation with saidgrippers, and springs normally 'holdin g said body portion and wedgemembers at their outer limits of movement.

8. A chuck including a shaft, a hollow body portion slidably mountedonthe shaft, spring-pressed grippers V mounted in saidv body portion,independent wedge members slidably mounted on said shaft in cooperativerelation with said grippers, and springs normally holding said bodyportion and wedge members at their outer limits of movement.

9. A chuck including a shaft, a hollow body portion slidably mounted onthe shaft,

a gripper mounted in said body'portion for movement radially thereof, aspring normally holding said gripper in retracted position,

a wedge member slidably mounted on said shaft in cooperative relationwith the inner I end of said gripper, springs' normally hold-* A ing thebody portion and wedge member at their, outer limits of movement, thecooperat1ve relation of the wedge member and gripper being such as tocause a movement of the.-

er. 7 y

10. A chuck including ashaft, a hollow,

